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ASM Antimicrobial Agents and Chemotherapy Applied and Environmental Microbiology Clinical Microbiology Reviews Clinical and Vaccine Immunology EcoSal Plus Infection and Immunity Journal of Bacteriology Journal of Clinical Microbiology Journal of Microbiology & Biology Education Journal of Virology mBio Microbiology and Molecular Biology Reviews Microbiology Resource Announcements Microbiology Spectrum Molecular and Cellular Biology mSphere mSystems Log in My alerts My CartHome Articles Current Issue Accepted Manuscripts Archive Minireviews JVI Classic Spotlights For Authors Submit a Manuscript Scope Editorial Policy Submission, Review, & Publication Processes Organization and Format Errata, Author Corrections, Retractions Illustrations and Tables Nomenclature Abbreviations and Conventions Publication Fees Ethics Resources and Policies About the Journal About JVI Editor in Chief Editorial Board For Reviewers For the Media For Librarians For Advertisers Alerts RSS FAQ Subscribe Members Institutions ASM Antimicrobial Agents and Chemotherapy Applied and Environmental Microbiology Clinical Microbiology Reviews Clinical and Vaccine Immunology EcoSal Plus Infection and Immunity Journal of Bacteriology Journal of Clinical Microbiology Journal of Microbiology & Biology Education Journal of Virology mBio Microbiology and Molecular Biology Reviews Microbiology Resource Announcements Microbiology Spectrum Molecular and Cellular Biology mSphere mSystems User menu Log in My alerts My Cart Search Search for this keyword Advanced search Search for this keyword Advanced Search Home Articles Current Issue Accepted Manuscripts Archive Minireviews JVI Classic Spotlights For Authors Submit a Manuscript Scope Editorial Policy Submission, Review, & Publication Processes Organization and Format Errata, Author Corrections, Retractions Illustrations and Tables Nomenclature Abbreviations and Conventions Publication Fees Ethics Resources and Policies About the Journal About JVI Editor in Chief Editorial Board For Reviewers For the Media For Librarians For Advertisers Alerts RSS FAQ Subscribe Members Institutions Uncultivated Nanoarchaeota Virus in Yellowstone National Park C. elegans DRH-1 Mediates a Transcriptional Response 1 2 Current Issue Accepted Manuscripts Spotlight Free Spotlight Articles of Significant Interest in This Issue Minireview Minireview Advances toward Curing HIV-1 Infection in Tissue Reservoirs A disease of more than 39.6 million people worldwide, HIV-1 infection has no curative therapy. To date, one man has achieved a sterile cure, with millions more hoping to avoid the potential pitfalls of lifelong antiretroviral therapy and other HIV-related disorders, including neurocognitive decline. Recent developments in immunotherapies and gene therapies provide renewed hope in advancing efforts toward a sterilizing or functional cure... Lisa J. Henderson , Lauren B. Reoma , Joseph A. Kovacs , Avindra Nath Structure and Assembly Structure and Assembly Amphipathic Helices of Cellular Proteins Can Replace the Helix in M2 of Influenza A Virus with Only Small Effects on Virus Replication Influenza virus is unique among enveloped viruses since it does not rely on the cellular ESCRT machinery for budding. Instead, viruses encode their own scission machine, the M2 protein. M2 is targeted to the edge of the viral assembly site, where it inserts an amphiphilic helix into the membrane to induce curvature. Cellular proteins utilize a similar mechanism for scission of vesicles. We show that the helix of M2 can be replaced by... Bodan Hu , Stefanie Siche , Lars Möller , Michael Veit Genome Replication and Regulation of Viral Gene Expression Genome Replication and Regulation of Viral Gene Expression Identifying the Cellular Interactome of Epstein-Barr Virus Lytic Regulator Zta Reveals Cellular Targets Contributing to Viral Replication Epstein-Barr virus infects most people across the world and causes several kinds of cancer. Zta is an important viral protein that makes the virus replicate by binding to its DNA and turning on the expression of some genes. We used a sensitive, unbiased approach to isolate and identify viral and cellular proteins that physically interact with Zta. This revealed 39 viral and cellular proteins. We found that one protein, termed NFATc2,... Yaqi Zhou , Kate Heesom , Kay Osborn , Rajaei AlMohammed , Steve M. Sweet , Alison J. Sinclair Genome Replication and Regulation of Viral Gene Expression | Spotlight LANA and hnRNP A1 Regulate the Translation of LANA mRNA through G-Quadruplexes LANA, the most abundantly expressed protein during latency, is a multifunctional protein which is absolutely required for the persistence of KSHV in the host cell. Even though the functions of LANA in aiding pathogenesis of the virus have been extensively studied, the mechanism of how LANA escapes host’s immune surveillance is not fully understood. This study sheds light on the autoregulatory role of LANA to modulate its expression and... Prerna Dabral , Jay Babu , Andrew Zareie , Subhash C. Verma Open Access Genome Replication and Regulation of Viral Gene Expression Experimental Evolution Generates Novel Oncolytic Vesicular Stomatitis Viruses with Improved Replication in Virus-Resistant Pancreatic Cancer Cells Vesicular stomatitis virus (VSV)-based oncolytic viruses are promising agents against pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma (PDAC). However, some PDAC cell lines are resistant to VSV. Here, using a directed viral evolution approach, we generated novel oncolytic VSVs with an improved ability to replicate in virus-resistant PDAC cell lines, while remaining highly attenuated in nonmalignant cells. Two independently evolved VSVs obtained 2... Sara L. Seegers , Connor Frasier , Sarah Greene , Irina V. Nesmelova , Valery Z. Grdzelishvili Genetic Diversity and Evolution Genetic Diversity and Evolution Genome-Wide Mutagenesis of Hepatitis C Virus Reveals Ability of Genome To Overcome Detrimental Mutations Hepatitis C virus (HCV) in vivo displays high genetic heterogeneity, which is partly due to the high reproduction and random substitutions during error-prone genome replication. It is difficult to introduce random substitutions in vitro because of limitations in inducing mutagenesis from the 5′ end to the 3′ end of the genome. Our study has overcome this limitation. We synthesized full-length genomes with few to... Deepak Singh , Shalini Soni , Shaheen Khan , Aditya N. Sarangi , Ragothaman M. Yennamalli , Rakesh Aggarwal , Naga Suresh Veerapu Virus-Cell Interactions Virus-Cell Interactions Merkel Cell Polyomavirus Downregulates N-myc Downstream-Regulated Gene 1, Leading to Cellular Proliferation and Migration Merkel cell carcinoma was first described in 1972 as a neuroendocrine tumor of skin, most cases of which were reported in 2008 to be caused by a PyV named Merkel cell polyomavirus (MCPyV), the first PyV linked to human cancer. Thereafter, numerous studies have been conducted to understand the etiology of this virus-induced carcinogenesis. However, it is still a new field, and much work is needed to understand the molecular pathogenesis... Purnima Gupta , Naveed Shahzad , Alexis Harold , Masahiro Shuda , Assunta Venuti , Maria Carmen Romero-Medina , Laura Pacini , Lise Brault , Alexis Robitaille , Valerio Taverniti , Hector Hernandez-Vargas , Geoffroy Durand , Florence Le Calvez-Kelm , Tarik Gheit , Rosita Accardi , Massimo Tommasino Virus-Cell Interactions Puumala and Andes Orthohantaviruses Cause Transient Protein Kinase R-Dependent Formation of Stress Granules Our work presents the first report on stress granule formation during hantavirus infection. We show that hantavirus infection actively inhibits stress granule formation, thereby escaping the detrimental effects on global translation imposed by host stress signaling. Our results highlight a previously uncharacterized aspect of hantavirus-host interactions with possible...